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Nomenclature Basics | Class 10 | Notes, Video, MCQs | SM-Educate

Nomenclature Basics | Class 10 | Notes, MCQs | SM-Educate
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CS-991 · Module O-X4

Nomenclature Basics

Class X · Organic Chemistry
▶ Introduction to IUPAC Nomenclature ▶ IUPAC Naming Rules with Examples ▶ Practice Naming Organic Compounds
Click any video to watch on YouTube (opens in new tab)

✍️ IUPAC Naming: The Basics

Every IUPAC name has three parts: Prefix (substituents) + Parent chain (carbon count) + Suffix (functional group).

  • Find the longest continuous carbon chain containing the main functional group.
  • Number the chain to give the lowest possible locants to the functional group and substituents.
  • Name substituents alphabetically with their position numbers.

📊 Carbon Chain Prefixes

CarbonsPrefixCarbonsPrefix
1Meth-5Pent-
2Eth-6Hex-
3Prop-7Hept-
4But-8Oct-

📊 Common Suffixes

Functional GroupSuffixExample
Alkane-anePropane
Alkene-enePropene
Alkyne-ynePropyne
Alcohol-olPropanol
Aldehyde-alPropanal
Ketone-onePropanone
Carboxylic Acid-oic acidPropanoic acid

📝 Practice MCQs

Q1: The IUPAC suffix for an alcohol is:
a) -al b) -ol c) -one d) -oic acid
Show Answer
✅ b) -ol
Q2: A 5-carbon chain has the prefix:
a) But- b) Pent- c) Hex- d) Prop-
Show Answer
✅ b) Pent-
Q3: What is the correct IUPAC name for CH₃-CH₂-CHO?
a) Propanol b) Propanal c) Propanone d) Propanoic acid
Show Answer
✅ b) Propanal
Q4: When numbering a carbon chain, you should give the lowest locant to:
a) The last carbon b) The main functional group c) The middle carbon d) Any random carbon
Show Answer
✅ b) The main functional group
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