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Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis | IGCSE Chemistry (0620)

Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis | IGCSE Chemistry (0620) | SM-Educate
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CS-991 · Module I-12

12 · Experimental Techniques and Chemical Analysis

Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry 0620 · Core + Supplement · 2026–2028
Quick Revision
📊 Separation🔬 Gas/Ion Tests

12.1 Separation Techniques

TechniqueUsed to Separate
FiltrationInsoluble solid from a liquid
CrystallizationA soluble solid from its solution, by evaporating solvent
Simple DistillationA solvent from a solution
Fractional DistillationMiscible liquids with different boiling points
Paper ChromatographySubstances based on solubility/movement through paper
🎥 Video lectures for this sub-topic — coming soon
Q1: Which technique separates a mixture of miscible liquids with different boiling points?
a) Filtration b) Simple distillation c) Fractional distillation d) Chromatography
Show Answer
✅ c) Fractional distillation
Q2: Crystallization is used to separate:
a) Two miscible liquids b) A soluble solid from its solution c) An insoluble solid from a liquid d) Gases
Show Answer
✅ b) A soluble solid from its solution

12.2 Tests for Gases and Ions

Gas tests: Hydrogen (squeaky pop with lit splint); Oxygen (relights glowing splint); Carbon dioxide (turns limewater milky); Ammonia (turns damp red litmus blue, pungent smell); Chlorine (bleaches damp litmus white).

Flame tests: Lithium (red), Sodium (yellow/orange), Potassium (lilac), Calcium (orange-red), Copper (blue-green). Anion tests: Carbonates + acid (fizzing, CO₂); Sulfates + barium chloride (white precipitate); Halides + silver nitrate (chloride: white, bromide: cream, iodide: yellow).

🎥 Video lectures for this sub-topic — coming soon
Q1: Limewater turning milky is a positive test for:
a) Oxygen b) Hydrogen c) Carbon dioxide d) Chlorine
Show Answer
✅ c) Carbon dioxide
Q2: A flame test producing a lilac colour indicates:
a) Sodium b) Potassium c) Calcium d) Copper
Show Answer
✅ b) Potassium
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